Hello Again for the Final Edition of Blaneys’ OCA Blog for 2015!
The Court of Appeal released a number of civil decisions this week in areas including family law (several decisions), med mal, real estate, offers to settle and other procedural issues. One interesting decision for our real estate colleagues was a decision in which the court concluded that the combined effect of s. 113(5)(a)(iv) of the Registry Act with the nemo dat principle (“no one gives what he does not have”) protected the respondents’ right of way through a laneway to their homes despite the fact that their rights of way were not registered on the servient tenement within the last 40 years.
Given that Christmas and New Years’ Day both fall on a Friday this year, we intend to take a two-week break from publishing our blog and will be back on our regular schedule on January 8. However, in the unlikely event that the court releases a noteworthy decision during these next two weeks, we will endeavour to try to publish a summary as it arises.
On behalf of everyone here at Blaney McMurtry, I hope everyone has a very healthy and happy holiday season and wish you all the best for 2016!
John Polyzogopoulos
Blaney McMurtry LLP
JPolyzogopoulos@blaney.com
Tel: 416.593.2953
http://www.blaney.com/lawyers/john-polyzogopoulos
Table of Contents
Civil Decisions
Gold v. Chronas, 2015 ONCA 900
Keywords: Real Property, Registry Act ss. 113(5)(a)(iv), Easements, Rights of Way, Access, Laneway, Dominant Tenements, Servient Tenements, Easements Registered on Title to Dominant Tenement but not Servient Tenement, Nemo Dat Principle, 40 Year Period
Stechyshyn v. Domljanovic, 2015 ONCA 889
Keywords: Torts, Motor Vehicle Accident, Amendment of Defendant’s Name, Unidentified Defendant, Misnomer, Limitation Period, Summary Judgment, Collateral Attack
McColeman v. French, 2015 ONCA 890 (Endorsement)
Keywords: Family Law, Custody, Access, Access Costs, Spousal Support, Child Support, Equalization of Net Family Property, Best Interests of the Child, Child Support Guidelines, Reasonable Apprehension of Bias
Keywords: Corporate Law, Oppression, Civil Procedure, Costs, Discretion, Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 49 Offers, Rule 57, Substantial Indemnity Costs, Partial Indemnity Costs
Keywords: Tort Law, Negligence, Medical Malpractice, Contributory Negligence, Civil Procedure, Summary Judgment, Genuine Issue for Trial, Credibility, Procedural Fairness
Fielding v. Fielding, 2015 ONCA 901
Keywords: Family Law, Custody, Mixed Parental Alienation, Recommendations for Proposed Therapy, Net Family Property, Family Law Act ss. 4(1) & 5(6), Pre-Judgment Interest, Spousal Support Award, Family Law Rules R. 24, Costs, Settlement Offer
Jackson v. Arthur, 2015 ONCA 902
Keywords: Family Law, Custody, Bias
For a list of Civil Law Endorsements, click here
For a list of Criminal and Capacity decisions, click here
Civil Decisions
Gold v. Chronas, 2015 ONCA 900
[Simmons, Epstein and Pardu JJ.A.]
Counsel:
James C. Morton, for the appellants
Michael W. Carlson, for the respondents
Keywords: Real Property, Registry Act ss. 113(5)(a)(iv), Easements, Rights of Way, Access, Laneway, Dominant Tenements, Servient Tenements, Easements Registered on Title to Dominant Tenement but not Servient Tenement, Nemo Dat Principle, 40 Year Period
Facts: The issues on this appeal concern whether the respondents are entitled to use a laneway located on the appellants’ property to access their homes. When the respondents purchased their homes, their deeds included a right of way over a laneway located on adjoining land at the rear of their properties. In 2013, the appellants blocked the respondents’ access to their homes via the laneway by erecting a pole at the entrance to the laneway. In response, the respondents applied for an injunction restraining the appellants from interfering with the respondents’ use of the laneway. The application judge granted the respondents’ application and prohibited the appellants from interfering with the use of the rights of way over the laneway as described in the respondents’ deeds. The application judge concluded that the combined effect of s. 113(5)(a)(iv) of the Registry Act with the nemo dat principle protects the respondents’ rights to their rights of way despite the fact that they are currently unregistered on the servient tenement.
Issues:
Did the application judge err in the interpretation and application of s. 113(5)(a)(iv) of the Registry Act?
Holding: Appeal dismissed.
Reasoning:
No. Registry Act s. 113(5)(a)(iv) is an exception, not only to the 40-year expiry period, but also to the 40-year title search period. Where s. 113(5)(a)(iv) applies, a right will not expire after 40 years, and an instrument registered outside the 40-year title search period will continue to affect the chain of title. The application judge correctly concluded that s. 113(5)(a)(iv) of the Registry Act can apply to protect a dominant tenement holder’s right to use a right of way that was once registered on the servient tenement but the registration of which was not validly renewed within 40 years after its creation, so long as the right of way continues to be openly enjoyed and used by the owners of the dominant tenement. Through s. 113(5)(iv), the Legislature protects claims that are old, but not stale, in a manner that is consistent with the purposes of the Registry Act and that is not unfair to purchasers. Even though not validly renewed, the application judge found that the claims here were not stale because the respondents were openly enjoying and using the laneway as at the date of the application. That is because using the laneway was the only realistic way to access the respondents’ homes and associated parking.
Stechyshyn v. Domljanovic, 2015 ONCA 889
[Weiler, Pardu and Benotto JJ.A.]
Counsel:
William G. Scott and Jillian van Allen, for the appellant
Philip Pollack and Sebastian Schmoranz, for the respondent
Keywords: Torts, Motor Vehicle Accident, Amendment of Defendant’s Name, Unidentified Defendant, Misnomer, Limitation Period, Summary Judgment, Collateral Attack
Facts:
The appellant was a pedestrian struck by car operated by the respondent in 2008. The appellant took down the driver’s information in a notebook. At the hospital, the appellant presented the notes to the police officer investigating the accident; the officer disappeared with the notes.
The appellant filed a Statement of Claim identifying the defendant as “John Doe” because he had no independent recollection of the driver. The appellant’s counsel requested a copy of the accident investigation file from the Toronto Police Services, referencing Sgt. Olson, the location and the appellant. The Toronto Police Services replied saying there was no record of the accident and that Olson indicated he did not attend any calls pertaining to the accident.
In 2011, the defendant’s insurer, Guarantee Company of North America, obtained an order for production of the Toronto Police Services file relating to the accident. The appellant received a copy of the police file, which indicated that Dusan Dolmjanovic was the driver and the officer’s name was Officer Ollos.
On November 25, 2011, Master Muir made an Order granting the appellant leave to amend his Statement of Claim to substitute the respondent as named defendant for “John Doe”. The respondent did not attend on the motion. Subsequently, the respondent brought a motion for an order dismissing the appellant’s claim on the grounds that it was brought after the expiry of the two-year limitation period.
The motion judge granted the respondent’s motion on the basis that the appellant did not exercise due diligence and did not take all reasonable steps to identify the respondent within the two-year limitation period.
Issue:
Did the motion judge err in finding that the appellant failed to take all reasonable steps to identify the driver?
Holding: Appeal Allowed
Reasoning:
The respondent Domljanovic would have known on reading the statement of claim that he was the intended defendant. The jurisprudence is clear that, in such circumstances, due diligence does not apply. The law that governs the addition of a party after the expiry of a limitation period does not apply.
The respondent’s motion for summary judgment was an indirect attack on the motion for misnomer. It would be a waste of money, time, energy and judicial resources to allow the correct defendant to be added on a motion for misnomer and then to allow a motion for summary judgment on the basis that the correction was made after the expiry of the limitation period. The law does not countenance such impracticality. The law treats the naming of the correctly named defendant as a substitution for the incorrectly named defendant and not the addition of a new party or the initiation of the action against the correctly named defendant.
McColeman v. French, 2015 ONCA 890 (Endorsement)
[Weiler, Pardu and Benotto JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Julie Michelle French, acting in person
Robert K. Bickle, for the respondent, Michael Allan McColeman
Inga Rinne, for the respondent, the Office of the Children’s Lawyer
Keywords: Family Law, Custody, Access, Access Costs, Spousal Support, Child Support, Equalization of Net Family Property, Best Interests of the Child, Child Support Guidelines, Reasonable Apprehension of Bias
Facts:
The parties separated in 2010 after 13 years of marriage, with two sons now 17 and 14. Within six months of separation, the parties were in litigation and the case management judge requested involvement of the Office of the Children’s Lawyer (the “OCL”) to represent the children. At trial in 2014, the trial judge made orders relating to custody, child and spousal support and property equalization. The trial judge ordered that the children remain living with the respondent with access to the appellant at the children’s discretion.
The appellant appealed all issues and alleged bias on the part of the trial judge. On cross-appeal, the respondent alleged the trial judge erred in reducing the appellant’s child support obligations to reflect her access costs.
Issues:
(1) Did the trial judge err in his decisions with regard to custody and financial matters?
(2) Was the trial judge biased or did he appear to be biased based on the fact that the appellant worked in the courthouse where the trial took place?
(3) Did the trial judge err in reducing the appellant’s child support obligations to account for access costs?
Holding: Appeal dismissed. Cross-appeal allowed and order for child support amended.
Reasoning:
(1) No. With regard to custody, the court found no reason to interfere with the trial judge’s decision. The trial judge made no error in exercising his discretion, as he carefully reviewed the relevant factors in connection with the best interests of the children. In addition, an order for custody would be questionable, as one child is almost an adult and the other is a teenager.
Regarding financial matters, the court gave no effect to the appellant’s submissions. First, the appellant sought equalization payments despite having declared bankruptcy post-separation. At that point, any right of action would have vested in the trustee in bankruptcy. Second, the trial judge was correct in not awarding spousal support to the appellant based on his finding that the parties had achieved self-sufficiency by the time of trial. Lastly, the court found no reason to interfere with the decision to dismiss the appellant’s request for retroactive spousal and child support. To the extent that retroactive child support was appropriate, the trial judge correctly offset the amount by expunging the appellant’s arrears of child support.
(2) No. The appellant did not meet the two-part objective test to establish bias, based on reasonableness. The court stated that the person considering the alleged bias must be reasonable and the apprehension of bias must also be reasonable. Based on the test, the court found no evidence of bias, actual or reasonably apprehended. Instead, it found the evidence and reasons disclosed a concerted attempt by the trial judge to be scrupulously fair in his dealings with the appellant.
(3) Yes. No evidence was led with respect to access costs, and the cross-appeal was therefore allowed. The court amended the order to reflect the appellant’s child support obligations based on the table calculation under the Child Support Guidelines.
[Cronk, Epstein and Huscroft JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Ronald Flom and Robert W. Trifts, for the appellant
Sarit E. Batner and Vladimira Ivanov, for the respondents
Keywords: Corporate Law, Oppression, Civil Procedure, Costs, Discretion, Rules of Civil Procedure, Rule 49 Offers, Rule 57, Substantial Indemnity Costs, Partial Indemnity Costs
Facts:
The appellant was successful in an oppression action against the respondents. The trial judge awarded the appellant his costs on a substantial indemnity basis. The trial judge considered an offer by the respondents served four days before the commencement of trial to be a valid rule 49 offer (the “Offer”), but held that rule 49.10 was not engaged because the trial judgment was more favourable than the Offer. The respondents appeal. The Ontario Court of Appeal upheld the finding of oppression but reduced the damages award and remitted the matter back to the trial judge to consider the costs award in the light of the reduction in damages. In reconsidering costs, the trial judge found that the Offer was more favourable than the revised judgment. Against that background, he awarded the appellant his costs up to the date of the Offer on a substantial indemnity scale, and the respondents their costs after the Offer on a partial indemnity scale.
Issues:
(1) Was the trial judge permitted to give effect to an offer to settle under rule 49.10 even if it was served fewer than seven days before trial?
(2) If it was not a valid rule 49 offer, was the trial judge entitled to exercise his discretion to fix costs in the way he did in this case?
Holding: Appeal dismissed.
Reasoning:
(1) No. The trial judge erred in treating the offer as a valid rule 49 offer. First, the wording of rule 49.10 makes it clear that the seven-day timing requirement is mandatory. Second, a no “near miss” policy applies to the timing requirement under rule 49.03 as well as to the amount of the judgment.
(2) Yes, the trial judge was entitled to exercise his discretion in the way that he did. In this case, the trial judge was entitled to take the Offer into account pursuant to rule 49.13, and pursuant to rule 57.01(1). A trial judge can employ his or her discretion under rule 49.13 without explicitly referring to it. The trial judge also took the required holistic approach to awarding costs in the second costs endorsement.
[Weiler, Pardu and BenottoJJ.A.]
Counsel:
Jasmine T. Akbarali and Zohar Levy, for the appellant
Ron Bohm and Amani Oakley, for the respondent
Keywords: Tort Law, Negligence, Medical Malpractice, Contributory Negligence, Civil Procedure, Summary Judgment, Genuine Issue for Trial, Credibility, Procedural Fairness
Facts:
The respondent, Felicity Polera, went to see the Canadian Hearing Society (“CHS”) in 2004 because she was experiencing some hearing loss in her right ear. She was fitted with a hearing aid and was sent for an MRI. The appellant, Dr. Wade, failed to detect Ms. Polera’s brain tumour on the MRI. In 2007, Ms. Polera had lost all hearing in her right ear and Dr. Wade once again ordered an MRI, and on this MRI he noticed the tumour. Dr. Wade arranged for the follow-up medical care, which involved surgeries that have left Ms. Polera with serious injuries.
Dr. Wade admitted that he breached the required standard of care in failing to detect the tumour on the 2004 MRI and that these breaches caused Ms. Polera’s injuries. On summary judgment, the motion judge found there was no genuine issue for trial with respect to either the defence of contributory negligence or the listing of Ms. Polera’s specific injuries.
Issues:
(1) Did the motion judge err in dismissing the defence of contributory negligence?
(2) Did the motion judge err in listing Ms. Polera’s specific injuries?
Holding: Appeal dismissed.
Reasoning:
(1) No. Dr. Wade argued that Ms. Polera contributed to her injuries because she had missed CHS appointments and that she had cancelled an “emergency appointment” with his office. He claimed that the missed appointment added six months of delay to the tumour’s diagnosis. The suggestion that she had missed an “emergency appointment” arose from a note in the file of the CHS audiologist which said “will ask ENT for an emergency appt.” Ms. Polera denied being told it was an “emergency appointment”.
Dr. Wade submitted the audiologist’s note was a major credibility issue that required a trial. The court disagreed, finding that there was no evidence that the audiologist told anyone about the contents of the note. Dr. Wade had three years to obtain the audiologist’s evidence and failed to do so. Further, once Ms. Polera learned that she had a brain tumour, she never called or missed any appointments. The motion judge found that the necessary findings of fact could be made on the evidence before him and that there was no need for contributory negligence to go to trial.
The court disagreed with Dr. Wade’s argument that he was denied procedural fairness because he did not know the issue of contributory negligence would be before the motion judge. The record before the court showed that Dr. Wade was aware that contributory negligence was going to be an issue, with the court citing passages from the facta that had addressed the issue.
Finally, Dr. Wade submitted that the motion judge had misplaced the burden with respect to which party was required to adduce evidence supporting contributory negligence at the summary judgment hearing. Specifically, Dr. Wade argued that Ms. Polera should have produced evidence from the audiologist regarding the “emergency appointment” and that the only evidence with respect to contributory negligence was Ms. Polera’s examination for discovery transcript, filed without the mandatory supporting affidavit.
The court found that the motion judge was entitled to consider Ms. Polera’s discovery evidence because Dr. Wade had relied on it in his own submissions. Also, the onus was not shifted by the motion judge because the evidence that Ms. Polera had not been told of any urgency was not contradicted by Dr. Wade and that the resolution of the issue did not then turn on the onus of proof.
(2) No. The motion judge did no err in listing the specific injuries. There was no cross-examination on the three expert reports that were filed. Evidence can still be called by the parties with respect to the degree to which a specific injury affects Ms. Polera and thus, the quantum of damages.
Fielding v. Fielding, 2015 ONCA 901
[Feldman, Lauwers and Benotto JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Gary S. Joseph and Elissa H. Gamus, for the appellant
Ilana Zylberman Dembo and Michael Zalev, for the respondent
Keywords: Family Law, Custody, Mixed Parental Alienation, Recommendations for Proposed Therapy, Net Family Property, Family Law Act ss. 4(1) & 5(6), Pre-Judgment Interest, Spousal Support Award, Family Law Rules R. 24, Costs, Settlement Offer
Facts: The parties to this appeal are physicians who were married and lived together for seventeen years until their separation in late December 2010. There were two trials: one for custody and the other for the financial issues. The husband and wife each sought custody of their three teenage children (Katie, Sean, and Natalie). The family dynamics were dysfunctional, and both parents acted unreasonably and not in the best interests of their children. The trial judge ordered that the father have sole custody of Katie and Sean, and the mother have sole custody of Natalie, and also made recommendations for proposed therapy based on the expert opinion of a doctor. The trial of the financial issues included a calculation of the net family property (the “NFP”) of each party, the wife’s entitlement to support, and the costs award. The wife appealed both decisions.
Issues:
(1) Did the trial judge err in making a recommendation for proposed therapy by accepting the expert opinion of a doctor?
(2) Did the trial judge err in making the following financial considerations:
(a) Declining to include the mortgage in the calculation of the husband’s NFP?
(b) Declining to grant unequal division of the NFP in favour of the wife?
(c) Declining to order pre-judgment interest (“PJI”) on the equalization payment?
(3) Did the trial judge err in assessing spousal support for the wife?
(4) Did the trial judge err in the costs ordered against the wife on the financial issues?
Holding: Appeal dismissed.
Reasoning:
(1) No. First, it was open to the trial judge to accept the recommendations of the doctor’s opinion for therapy based on findings of mixed parental alienation. She addressed the criticisms of the doctor’s report and testimony, and made findings of fact based on the evidence. Second, time has overtaken the custody issue so that this appeal is moot. The children are all between 18 and 19 years old. Their actions have given voice to their wishes and demonstrate their capacity for self-determination. Custody legislation and jurisprudence concerns children, not young adults.
(2)(a) No. The trial judge concluded that the mortgage on the matrimonial home at the date of marriage related directly to its acquisition or significant improvement, as it replaced the financing used to acquire or maintain the property. As such, pursuant to s. 4(1) of the Family Law Act, the mortgage was not included in the calculation of the husband’s NFP. This decision by the trial judge was a clear application of the statutory framework to a finding of fact based on the evidence at trial.
(2)(b) The trial judge found that any potential unjust enrichment had been adequately compensated for by the equalization calculation, and that the threshold for “unconscionability” under the criteria established by s.5(6) of the Family Law Act was not met. The discretionary decision to refuse to grant an unequal division of NFP was grounded in the evidence and her factual findings.
(2)(c) No. The trial judge noted that the wife had use of the matrimonial home, lived in the home, and did not pay rent. PJI is discretionary and may not be awarded where the payor spouse cannot realize on the asset giving rise to the equalization payment until after the trial, does not have the use of it prior to trial and the asset generates no income.
(3) No. The trial judge awarded the wife unlimited term spousal support. She considered the Spousal Support Advisory Guidelines (the “SSAGs”). The trial judge concluded that $10,000 was appropriate, as it would provide the wife with sufficient funds to meet her reasonable needs. The trial judge adjusted the spousal support retroactively and calculated the amount owing by way of a lump sum. Given the ongoing animosity between the parties, it was reasonable to make a decision that offered finality.
(4) No. The trial judge reviewed the settlement positions prior to trial. She concluded the wife’s offers to settle were unreasonable, and that the husband put forward a very reasonable offer. In the end, the trial judge found that the husband was entitled to partial recovery of costs. Discretionary costs decisions should only be set aside on appeal if the court below has made an error in principle or if the costs award is plainly wrong. Here, the trial judge referred to rule 24 of the Family Law Rules, the factors enumerated therein, and exercised her discretion to award costs to the husband but also to reduce this award in accordance with his unreasonable behaviour. In determining success at trial, the trial judge did more than consider the husband’s last offer. She also reviewed the provisions of the Family Law Rules, asked for submissions, thoroughly analysed the multiple interim orders made (including the references to costs), and examined the ongoing positions of the parties. The trial judge was in the best position to make this determination.
Jackson v. Arthur, 2015 ONCA 902
[MacPherson, Sharpe and van Rensburg JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Anthony Macri, for the appellant
Robert A. Fernandes, for the respondent
Keywords: Family Law, Custody, Bias
Facts:
The appellant mother appealed an order awarding sole custody of two children to the respondent father. At trial, the parties agreed that the best custodial arrangement for their two children was sole custody to one parent because of their deeply acrimonious and dysfunctional relationship. After a seven day trial, the trial judge awarded sole custody to the respondent with generous access to the appellant. The appellant appeals on several grounds.
Issues:
(1) Did the trial judge err by hearing evidence in the absence of the self-represented mother?
(2) Did the trial judge’s comments create a reasonable apprehension of bias?
(3) Did the trial judge demonstrate bias by ordering an equal division of parenting time once the trial resumed?
(4) Did the trial judge err by ignoring evidence of the appellant’s good parenting and by failing to give sufficient weight to evidence relating to domestic violence in the parties’ relationship?
(5) Did the trial judge err in calculating child support arrears?
Holding: Appeal dismissed on all issues but one.
Reasoning:
(1) No. After the first two days of trial, the appellant did not show up for the third day. She went to the hospital but did not contact anyone at the court to explain her absence. The court made unsuccessful efforts to find her. In these circumstances, the trial judge allowed the trial to continue. The appellant made no effort to contact the court for six days. Furthermore, on the third day of trial the father’s final witness testified about property issues which were not relevant to the appeal.
(2) No. There was nothing troubling about the trial judge’s comments blaming the appellant for her absence from the trial and the trial judge’s skepticism about her explanation for the absence. The comments were far removed from raising a legitimate issue of potential bias.
(3) No. The order reflects the parties’ shared view at the time it was made.
(4) No. The trial judge did not ignore evidence of the appellant’s good parenting. The trial judge’s ultimate conclusion was that both parents were good parents and could be given sole custody. On the father’s violence issue, the trial judge accepted the evidence of Peel Children’s Aid Society that “the father’s inappropriate disciplining of the Children has been dealt with.”
(5) Yes. The parties agreed that there was a miscalculation of child support arrears.
Civil Endorsements
Leong v. Ryabikhina, 2015 ONCA 886
[Sharpe, Blair and Huscroft JJ.A.]
Counsel:
No one appearing for the appellant
Katherine A. Booth, for Dr. Renata Leong
Christopher M. Hubbard, for Dr. Renata Leong
Jonathan Gutman, for St. Michael’s Hospital
Keywords: Vexatious Litigants
Criminal and Capacity Decisions
[Feldman, Gillese and Watt JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Anita Szigeti, for the appellant Daniel McLellan
Philippe Cowle, for the Crown
Kathryn Hunt, for the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Keywords: Criminal Law, NCRMD, Criminal Harassment, Uttering Death Threats, Discharge with Conditions, Review Board, Significant Threat to Public Safety Test
[Feldman, Gillese and Watt JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Mark Halfyard and Breana Vandebeek, for the appellant
Jeremy Streeter, for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Drug and Firearms Offences, Conviction, Charter s.24(2), Grant Test
[Strathy C.J.O., MacPherson and Watt JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Richard Litkowski, for the appellant Christopher Sheriffe
Nathan Gorham and Breana Vandebeek, for the appellant Awet Asfaha
Susan Reid and Michael Perlin, for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, First Degree Murder, Conviction, Joint Trial, Cut-Throat Defence
[Strathy C.J.O., Watt and Epstein JJ.A.]
Counsel:
John Norris and Breese Davies, for the applicant
Croft Michaelson, Q.C., for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Terrorism Offence, Conviction, Extension of Time to Appeal Sentence, Criminal Code s. 684
R. v. Malkowski, 2015 ONCA 887
[Simmons, van Rensburg and Benotto JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Vincenzo Rondinelli, for the appellant
Grace Choi, for the Crown
Keywords: Criminal Law, Dangerous Driving Causing Death, Conviction, Test for Legal Causation, Intervening Cause
[Weiler, Pardu and Benotto JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Robert B. Carew, for the appellant
Michael Kelly, for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Fraud and Forgery, Factual Errors
[Doherty, Pepall and Tulloch JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Howard L. Krongold, for the appellant
Andreea Baiasu, for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Transfer of a Firearm
[Doherty, Pepall and Tulloch JJ.A.]
Counsel:
James Harbic and Robert Harbic for the appellant
Gillian Roberts for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Child Pornography, Criminal Code s. 686(1)(a)(i), R. v. Biniaris
R. v. Siconolfi, 2015 ONCA 896
[Doherty, Pepall and Tulloch JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Catriona Verner, for the appellant
Campbell, for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Criminal Negligence Causing Death, Sentencing
[Doherty, Pepall and Tulloch JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Howard Krongold for the Appellant
Dayna Arron for the Respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Attempted Murder, Sentencing, R. v. Boucher
[Doherty, Pepall and Tulloch JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Edward L. Burlew, for the appellant
Hannah Freeman, for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Firearms Prohibition, Competitive Shooting
[Doherty, Pepall and Tulloch JJ.A.]
Counsel:
Brian Eberdt, for the applicant/appellant
Dayna Arron, for the respondent
Keywords: Criminal Law, Bias
The information contained in our summaries of the decisions is not intended to provide legal advice and does not necessarily cover every matter raised in a decision. For complete information or for specific advice, please read the decision or contact us.